Thứ Sáu, 31 tháng 7, 2015

LUYỆN VIẾT IELTS 9.0 _ GS.TS ĐỖ HỮU VINH ( Bài 1)




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Sections:

To indicate more information

·       Besides - Making an additional point; anyway
·       Furthermore
·       In addition
·       Moreover
·       Likewise
·       Indeed – In truth
·       In fact
·       Also
·       As well
·       Foremost - Ranking above all others; Preceding all others in spatial position
·       First, Second, Third, Finally
·       Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly

To indicate an example

·       For example
·       For instance
·       In particular
·       Particularly - Specifically or especially distinguished from others
·       Specifically
·       To illustrate
·       To demonstrate

To indicate a cause or reason

·       Since
·       Because
·       Because of
·       Due to
·       For
·       For the reason that
·       As
·       Inasmuch as - Since
·       Whereby - As a result of which, By which, "the means whereby we achieved our goal"

To indicate a result or an effect

·       Accordingly - because of the reason given
·       Consequently
·       Hence
·       So
·       Therefore
·       Thus
·       Thusly - In the way indicated
·       Thence - From that fact or reason or as a result
·       Therefrom - From that circumstance or source
·       Thereof - Of or concerning this or that, From that circumstance or source
·       Corollary - A practical consequence that follows naturally, "blind jealousy is a frequent corollary of passionate love"

To conclude

·       For the aforementioned reasons
·       For the aforementioned reasons, there is no doubt that
·       To sum up the foregoing,
·       Given these facts
·       In conclusion
·       In closing
·       To conclude

To express an opinion

·       In all due fairness
·       With good judgment, (one/we may)

To describe or make

·       vivid
·       portray
·       depict
·       exhibit
·       illustrate
·       expose
·       present
·       paint a portrait
·       limn - Trace the shape of, make a portrait of
·       delineate
·       represent
·       demonstrate
·       constitute - Form or compose
·       embodied - (adj) Expressed by
·       embody - (v) Represent or express in tangible form
·       embodiment

To prove

·       manifest - Provide evidence for; stand as proof of
·       attest - Provide evidence for
·       testify - Provide evidence for
·       certify - Provide evidence for
·       endorse, indorse - Give support or one's approval to
·       shew - Establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment
·       establish
·       instance - (v) Clarify by giving an example of
·       exemplify - (v) Clarify by giving an example of

To compare or contrast

·       Whereas
·       In comparison
·       In contrast
·       However
·       Although
·       On the other hand
·       Likewise
·       Similarly
·       But
·       Yet
·       Withal - Despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)
·       Withal - Together with this
·       Nevertheless - Despite anything to the contrary
·       Nonetheless - Despite anything to the contrary
·       Notwithstanding - Despite anything to the contrary
·       Even so - Despite anything to the contrary
·       All the same - Despite anything to the contrary

To indicate time

·       After
·       Before
·       Currently
·       During
·       Eventually
·       Finally
·       First, Second, etc.
·       Formerly
·       Immediately
·       Initially
·       Lastly
·       Later
·       Meanwhile
·       Next
·       Once
·       Previously
·       Simultaneously
·       Soon
·       Subsequently
·       Subsequent - Following in time and order
·       Hitherto, Heretofore - Used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time, “The sun hasn’t rose hitherto.”
·       In due time
·       Henceforth

To indicate certainty

·       Truly
·       Sincerely
·       Genuinely
·       Surely
·       Rightfully
·       Absolutely
·       Indubitably
·       Certainly
·       Without doubt
·       Needless to say

To indicate doubt

·       Most likely
·       More likely
·       Possibly
·       Probably
·       Dubitable - Open to doubt or suspicion
·       Dubious - Distressed with uncertainty or doubt

To summarize

·       Overall
·       To summarize
·       In summary
·       To sum up
·       Paraphrased
·       Briefly
·       In brief
·       Summing up
·       To put it briefly
·       précis - A sketchy summary, Make a summary (of)
·       synopsis - A sketchy summary
·       apercu - A short synopsis

To provide a condition

·       provision, proviso - A stipulated condition
·       stipulate - Specify as a condition or requirement in a contract
·       given
·       if
·       whether
·       whenever
·       when
·       while

To express positive words

·       magnificent
·       grandeur - The quality of being magnificent or splendid or grand, the quality of being exalted in character or ideals or conduct
·       magnanimous - The quality of being exalted in character or ideals or conduct
·       fantastic
·       fantastical
·       phenomenal
·       wonderful
·       extraordinary
·       marvelous
·       superb
·       good
·       fine
·       great
·       avid - Emotionally desirable
·       avid ambition to succeed
·       excellent
·       spectacular
·       prodigious
·       grand
·       brilliant
·       glorious - Bringing great happiness and thankfulness
·       illustrious - Widely known and esteemed
·       notable - Worthy of notice
·       respected
·       impressive
·       splendid
·       splendiferous - Having great beauty and splendor
·       resplendent - Having great beauty and splendor, Richly and brilliantly colorful
·       flamboyant - Elaborately or excessively ornamented, Richly and brilliantly colorful
·       redoubtable - Having or worthy of pride
·       formidable - Extremely impressive in strength or excellence
·       prowess
·       superior
·       terrific
·       tremendous
·       wondrous - Extraordinarily good
·       wonderful
·       sublime - Inspiring awe, Lifted up or set high
·       flair - natural talent
·       knack - A special way of doing something
·       outshine - Attract more attention and praise than others
·       paramount - Having superior power and influence
·       predominant
·       preponderating
·       prevailing

To show intelligence

·       profound
·       shrewd – hardheaded (practical experience and observation) intelligence
·       astute
·       acumen - Shrewdness shown by keen insight
·       insightful
·       savvy - The cognitive condition of someone who understands
·       cognition - The psychological result of perception, learning and reasoning
·       genius
·       smart
·       sharp
·       keen
·       mastermind
·       Einstein - Someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality
·       work of art
·       fine art
·       maven - Someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
·       mavin - Someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
·       adept - Someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
·       whiz - Someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field
·       wizard - Someone who is dazzlingly skilled in any field

To intensify

·       incredibly
·       exceedingly
·       toppingly - extremely well
·       extremely
·       extraordinarily
·       truly
·       really
·       very
·       utterly - Completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers, With sublimity; in a sublime manner
·       absolutely
·       perfectly
·       sublimely
·       dramatically
·       sheer - (adj.) Complete and without restriction or qualification; sometimes used informally as an intensifier; (adv.) Directly "he fell sheer into the water"

Said

·       enounced, enunciated - Speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way
·       pronounced - Speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way
·       articulated - Express or state clearly
·       vocalized - Express or state clearly
·       posited - Put firmly
·       stated
·       expressed
·       reported
·       alleged - Declared but not proved
·       averred - Report or maintain, To declare or affirm in a grave manner and formally as true
·       affirmed, asserted
·       wrote
·       composed
·       indited - Produce a literary work
·       penned - Produce a literary work
·       spelt - Indicate or signify
·       voiced, sounded - Give voice to
·       demean - Reduce in worth or character, usually verbally

Noted (said)

·       remarked
·       denoted - Be a sign or indication of, "Her smile denoted that she agreed"
·       observed
·       commented
·       mentioned
·       referred
·       announced
·       noticed

Precisely

·       explicitly
·       accurately
·       expressly
·       exactly
·       incisively

Numerous

·       innumerable
·       many
·       various
·       several
·       diverse
·       umpteen
·       umteen
·       myriad (noun and adj.)

Praise

·       extol - (v) Praise, glorify, or honor
·       exalt
·       glorify
·       laud
·       proclaim
·       revere
·       idolize
·       worship
·       venerate

Call Forth

·       evoke - Call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
·       arouse - Call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
·       elicit - Call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
·       enkindle - Call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
·       provoke - Call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)
·       inflame - Arouse or excite feelings and passions
·       awake - Stop sleeping
·       conjure - Evoke or call forth, with or as if by magic
·       invoke - Evoke or call forth, with or as if by magic
·       summon - Gather or bring together
·       instill - deposit gradually

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